Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has claimed the blockchain trilemma – balancing decentralization, security, and scalability – has been solved through live implementations of ZK-EVMs and PeerDAS.
“The trilemma has been solved – not on paper, but with live running code, of which one half (data availability sampling) is *on mainnet today*, and the other half (ZK-EVMs) is *production-quality on performance today* – safety is what remains,” said Buterin in a post on X.
This story is an excerpt from the Unchained Daily newsletter.
Subscribe here to get these updates in your email for free
PeerDAS, introduced on the Ethereum mainnet with the recent Fusaka upgrade, lets validators sample data availability randomly instead of downloading full blocks, mimicking BitTorrent’s efficiency with consensus.
ZK-EVMs enable fast transaction verification without revealing underlying data, reaching production-quality performance. Buterin expects that by 2030, further gas limit increases will enable ZK-EVMs to become the primary way to validate blocks on the network.
Disclaimer: The information on this page may come from third parties and does not represent the views or opinions of Gate. The content displayed on this page is for reference only and does not constitute any financial, investment, or legal advice. Gate does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information and shall not be liable for any losses arising from the use of this information. Virtual asset investments carry high risks and are subject to significant price volatility. You may lose all of your invested principal. Please fully understand the relevant risks and make prudent decisions based on your own financial situation and risk tolerance. For details, please refer to
Disclaimer.
Related Articles
Belarus: Crypto banks can use 26 digital assets and conduct 11 types of business
According to a report by the Belarusian news agency BelTA on April 23, Alexander Yegorov, First Deputy Chairman of the National Bank of Belarus, announced at the “2026 Digital Bank” conference that the Belarusian crypto-banking framework allows the use of 26 cryptocurrencies and 11 types of operations, as set out in accordance with Belarusian Decree No. 19, “On certain regulatory issues in the field of crypto banks and digital tokens.”
MarketWhisper21m ago
Grayscale Ethereum Staking Mini ETF Records $337M Inflows in Q1, Leads U.S. ETP Providers
Gate News message, April 24 — Grayscale's Ethereum Staking Mini ETF attracted $337 million in inflows during the first quarter of 2026, ranking first among U.S. ETP providers, according to Grayscale CEO Peter Mintzberg posting on X. The achievement reflects strong institutional demand for Ethereum s
GateNews35m ago
EtherFi proposes injecting 5,000 ETH into the rsETH rescue pool to prevent bad debts from spreading across the DeFi ecosystem
EtherFi Foundation submitted a governance proposal on April 24, authorizing the DAO treasury to allocate up to 5,000 ETH to fund the cross-protocol rescue pool for the rsETH vulnerability incident, to fill the shortfall in collateral and prevent Aave and other DeFi lending markets from incurring bad debt. This is part of EtherFi’s “DeFi United” coordinated rescue initiative.
MarketWhisper1h ago
Balance Exploiter Moves 100 ETH After 5-Month Dormancy
Gate News message, the Balance Exploiter has transferred 100 ETH (valued at $233,000) to a new wallet after remaining inactive for 5 months. The exploiter has started moving ETH through centralized exchanges (CEX). Currently, the hackers still hold 21,900 ETH, worth approximately $51.13 million.
GateNews1h ago
ETH Meme Coin AIB Surges to $7M Market Cap, Up 950x Intraday
Gate News message, April 24 — ETH-based Meme coin AIB (America is BACK) saw its market capitalization briefly spike above $7 million today, currently trading at $5.95 million with an intraday gain exceeding 950x.
Meme coins are known for extreme price volatility; investors are advised to exercise c
GateNews1h ago
ETH Faces $958M Short Liquidation at $2,449; $703M Long Liquidation Risk Below $2,219
Gate News message, April 24 — According to Coinglass data, if Ethereum (ETH) breaks above $2,449, cumulative short liquidations across major CEXs will reach $958 million. Conversely, if ETH drops below $2,219, cumulative long liquidations across major CEXs will reach $703 million.
GateNews1h ago
