Recently, people keep asking me whether you need to dig into blockchain builders and bundles to the point of “being able to write code.” To put it plainly, retail investors only need to know three things: 1) The transactions you send may not get included in blocks in the order you see—someone will bundle them and can even cut in line; 2) When you do large on-chain token swaps or liquidate positions at the margin, slippage and failure fees are not just “bad luck”—it could be because you’re being watched; 3) Don’t click random unfamiliar routes just to save a couple cents of gas. Keep protection enabled in private/direct/credible wallets—at minimum, don’t go naked.

As for who the underlying builder is, or how bundles are put together… by all means, you can study it if you want, but it’s not as closely related to whether you can stay alive long-term. Over on L2, they argue about TPS, fees, and subsidies every day—it’s lively to watch—but I’ll first lay out the exit conditions. Forget it, let’s not talk about it for now.